I. Core Issues that Customers Care Most About

“Chinese Machinery and Equipment?Export to Russia?What are the key steps required? How do current policy changes affect transaction costs?”
This is the most urgent topic that export enterprises want to know. This article will systematically analyze the full - link solution from order signing to terminal delivery, combining the latest customs data and policy documents.

II. Decomposition of the Whole Process of Exporting to Russia

Stage 1: Market Access Preparation

1.EAC certification mandatory

• Since Q4 2023, Russia has implemented electronic declaration for EAC certification (GOST standard) for 12 categories of products such as construction machinery and mining equipment, and the certification cycle has been shortened to 15 - 25 working days.
• Special reminder: Equipment involving hydraulic systems and electrical components needs to obtain dual certifications of TP TC 010/2011 (Mechanical Safety) and TP TC 004/2011 (Low - voltage Equipment) simultaneously.

2.Country Adaptation of the Customs Union

• If the mechanical equipment exported to Russia is planned to be re - exported to Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries such as Belarus and Kazakhstan, it is necessary to declare EAEU multi - country circulation record during customs declaration.

Stage 2: Risk Control of Trade Contracts

• Upgrade of Payment Terms:
  Affected by SWIFT sanctions, in 2024, the proportion of RMB/ruble local currency settlement used by Russian importers has exceeded 65%. It is recommended to adopt the mode of 30% advance payment + 70% payment against bill of lading copy, and give priority to direct connection channels between China and Russia such as Kunlun Bank.
• INCOTERMS selection:
  It is recommended to use FOB Chinese port or DAP Russian destination to avoid the risk of port demurrage charges caused by logistics delays.

Stage 3: Logistics and Customs Clearance Practice

1.?China-Europe Railway?New Dividends

• The transit time of the Xian/Chongqing → Moscow route is stable at 12 - 18 days, and the freight is 20% lower than...?Ocean shipping?It also enjoys the priority customs clearance treatment of the green channel.
• Key documents: It is necessary to prepare the Russian - language packing list, proforma invoice and the original EAC certificate in advance (upload the electronic version to the customs system simultaneously).

2.Apply for preferential treatment under the CIS Free Trade Agreement (tariff reduced from 12% to 6.5%)

• In 2024, Russia will maintain a 0% import tariff on agricultural machinery and environmental protection equipment, but will levy a 15% benchmark tariff plus value - added tax on construction machinery (tax reduction can be applied for the Import Substitution Project).

III. Interpretation of the Policy Trends in 2024

Strengthening of Technical Barriers

• The Russian GOST R certification has added an EMC electromagnetic compatibility test (effective in July 2024). Core components such as motors and control cabinets need to be sampled and sent to the Moscow certification center for testing in advance.

Incentives for Localized Production

• For enterprises that set up assembly plants in Russia, the import tariff on equipment parts can be reduced by 50%. It is recommended that exporters jointly declare the SKD/CKD project with Russian local partners (such as Kamaz Group).

Sanction Response Plans

• Requirement for De - Westernization of Key Components: For the export of mechanical equipment containing European and American components, a supply chain compliance statement needs to be provided. It is recommended to give priority to the configuration plan with a domestic localization rate of over 70%.

IV. Successful Cases and Data Support

• Practice of Benchmarking Enterprises: Sany Heavy Industry, through the pre - certification + local bonded warehouse model, increased its exports to Russia by 42% year - on - year in 2023, and the customs clearance time was compressed to within 3 working days.
• Official Data: From January to May 2024, Chinas exports of construction machinery to Russia reached 3.7 billion US dollars (a year - on - year increase of 28%), among which roadheaders and concrete pump trucks accounted for more than 60%.